PetsForHomes Team May 20, 2025 0 comments

Pros and Cons of Neutering or Spaying Your Dog

Bringing a dog into your life means opening the door to belly rubs, muddy footprints, and plenty of decisions that shape their long-term well-being. One of the most debated topics? Whether to have your dog spayed or neutered.

It’s a question that rattles around in the minds of new owners and long-time dog lovers alike. Some are keen to do it early. Others hesitate, unsure of how it might affect behaviour, health, or future plans. Like most big decisions, there’s no one-size-fits-all answer—but there is good information, and that’s what you’ll find here.

So let’s unpack what spaying and neutering really mean—and what dog owners should think about before circling a date on the calendar.

What Does Spaying or Neutering Actually Involve?

Spaying refers to the surgical removal of a female dog’s reproductive organs—her ovaries and often her uterus. Neutering, on the other hand, typically means removing the testicles of a male dog. These procedures are usually done under general anaesthesia and often suggested between six and twelve months of age, depending on the breed, size, and individual health of the dog.

Vets will often have differing advice based on your dog’s circumstances, so it’s always worth booking that extra consultation before locking in any surgery.

Pros: Why Many Dog Owners Choose Spaying or Neutering

There’s a reason spaying and neutering are recommended by many vets, shelters, and breeders. The benefits go beyond preventing surprise litters—these procedures can support your dog’s health, improve day-to-day behaviour, and even contribute to tackling bigger challenges like overpopulation.

Here’s a closer look at why many owners give it the green light:

No More Unexpected Puppies

Let’s start with the obvious. Spaying a female or neutering a male removes the risk of unplanned pregnancies. That’s a big deal—not just for the pet owner, but for shelters that are already stretched thin with animals needing homes. Every avoided litter helps reduce the strain on rescue groups and gives other dogs a better chance at adoption.

Less Risk of Certain Health Problems

Spayed females dodge the risk of uterine infections and can be far less likely to develop breast tumours, especially if done before their first season. Neutered males lose the risk of testicular cancer entirely and may face a lower chance of certain prostate issues.

Think of it as long-term preventative care—one operation that can ward off a host of health troubles later in life.

Behavioural Shifts for the Better

Some dogs, especially males, tend to roam, mark territory indoors, or pick fights with other dogs when hormones surge. Removing the source of those hormones can take the edge off that behaviour, making life easier for both the dog and the people around them.

It’s not a magic fix for every quirk, but it can quiet the urge to bolt out the gate or spray the rug for the third time that week.

Less Anxiety, More Calm (For Some Dogs)

In certain dogs, especially those already wired for tension, reducing hormone levels can bring more balance. They may feel less territorial, more focused, and generally easier to train.

Of course, personality plays a role too. Every dog reacts a little differently—but for many, the shift is a welcome one.

Doing Your Part to Curb Overpopulation

Australia, like many other countries, struggles with too many pets and not enough homes. Choosing to spay or neuter isn’t just a personal choice—it helps shape the bigger picture. It’s one small step that helps avoid future heartbreak for puppies that might never get the chance to grow up in a stable home.

Cons: What to Consider Before Neutering or Spaying

For all its upsides, spaying or neutering isn’t a perfect fit for every dog. Like any medical decision, it’s worth weighing the risks, asking the right questions, and having an honest chat with your vet. Here’s what some owners bump up against:

Potential Joint or Orthopaedic Issues

In some breeds—especially large, fast-growing ones—early desexing may throw off bone development. Hormones help guide when and how bones fuse, and removing those hormones too early can cause problems like hip dysplasia or ligament tears down the line.

Timing matters. Some vets suggest waiting until the growth plates close, especially for working dogs or big breeds like German Shepherds or Labradors.

Hormonal Shifts Can Alter More Than Mood

While neutering might curb some problem behaviours, it can stir up others. Some dogs may become more fearful or anxious. Others might become less active and pack on the kilos if their food and exercise habits don’t adjust.

There’s no hard-and-fast rule here—some dogs breeze through it with no change, others take a few detours before they settle again.

A Slight Risk of Certain Health Conditions

Although spaying lowers the risk of cancers like mammary and uterine tumours, some studies have found possible links between early desexing and increased risk of other health issues. These can include certain cancers (like hemangiosarcoma) or hormone-related disorders like hypothyroidism.

Again, these are statistical risks—not guarantees. Your dog’s breed, genetics, and health history all influence how they might respond.

It’s Still Surgery

Even with modern techniques and experienced vets, surgery always carries some risk. Anaesthetic reactions, infection, or complications during recovery are rare—but not impossible.

Most dogs bounce back within a few days, but older dogs or those with pre-existing health issues may need extra care and monitoring after the procedure.

It’s Not a Cure-All for Behaviour

One of the biggest myths out there? That spaying or neutering will “fix” a naughty dog. While hormones play a role in some behaviours, many common problems—like barking, chewing, or separation anxiety—stem from boredom, lack of training, or poor socialisation.

So if your dog’s behaviour is causing concern, it’s worth tackling it from multiple angles, not just the operating table.

What to Think About Before Booking the Appointment

There’s no single path that suits every pup. Before setting a date for surgery—or deciding against it—take a moment to mull over these key factors. A bit of foresight now can save you from second-guessing later.

Age and Development

Puppies don’t all grow on the same timeline. Toy breeds mature quickly, while larger breeds lumber along at a slower pace. Spaying or neutering too early in a big dog might interfere with bone growth, while waiting too long in a smaller breed could increase the risk of certain reproductive illnesses.

A good rule of thumb? Chat to your vet once your dog hits six months. They can help gauge timing based on your dog’s size, temperament, and any health quirks.

Breed and Genetic Background

Some breeds carry higher odds for hormone-sensitive conditions. Others may be more prone to joint issues or behavioural quirks. Knowing your dog’s breed tendencies can guide when and whether to proceed.

Got a rescue or mixed-breed pup? A DNA test might offer insight into what’s under the hood—physically and genetically.

Health and Medical History

If your dog’s got a clean bill of health, the procedure is typically straightforward. But dogs with heart murmurs, chronic conditions, or unusual anatomy may need extra screening first. Your vet might suggest pre-op bloodwork, an ECG, or adjusting medications around surgery time.

Lifestyle and Environment

Do you live near a busy dog park where off-leash dogs abound? Have an unfenced yard? Share your home with another unaltered dog? These day-to-day factors can shift the balance of your decision.

For instance, a female dog in heat can attract male dogs from down the street—literally. If your living situation increases the chance of accidental mating, early desexing may carry more weight.

Long-Term Plans

Thinking about becoming a registered breeder down the track? Or fostering? Those goals might shape whether or not you spay or neuter your dog.

That said, responsible breeding comes with plenty of paperwork, planning, and commitment. If you’re unsure whether it’s right for you, it might be worth hitting pause and seeking out breeder education first.

Conclusion: Choosing What’s Best for Your Dog

Spaying or neutering your dog isn’t a snap decision, and it’s not one-size-fits-all. It’s a choice that stirs up big questions—and it should. After all, you’re shaping your dog’s long-term health, comfort, and behaviour. Whether you decide to go ahead or hold off, what matters most is making the call with eyes wide open and a support team behind you.

A trusted vet will guide you through timing, risks, and benefits. Breed knowledge, lifestyle realities, and your own values all play a part. There’s no shame in asking questions, changing your mind, or taking a bit more time to feel sure.

And if you’re looking for more help? PetsForHomes has a growing library of resources for dog owners—covering everything from health and nutrition to behaviour and responsible breeding. Your next step might be simpler than you think.

Want to explore more dog care advice? Visit the rest of our blog or connect with verified breeders, trusted services, and pet-friendly listings on PetsForHomes.